on 15 August 2012, 2:00 PM
A solar-powered toilet that turns urine and feces into hydrogen and electricity has won a $100,000 first prize in the Reinvent the Toilet Challenge sponsored by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The prize was announced yesterday at the foundation's "Reinvent the Toilet Fair" in Seattle, Washington, which continues today and showcases dozens of projects that aim to create an inexpensive and eco-friendly alternative to the flush toilet. Researchers are expected to use more than 50 gallons of soy-based synthetic feces to demonstrate their prototypes during the 2-day fair.
The flush toilet is convenient and hygienic, but the technology has its drawbacks: It uses clean water to flush away a potential source of nutrients and energy, and it’s prohibitively expensive for many of the estimated 2.6 billion people who lack access to sanitation. The Gates Foundation launched its toilet challenge a year ago, funding eight projects that aimed to invent a toilet that could be operated for 5 cents per user per day while recovering salt, water, nutrients, and energy.
The winning design, developed by Michael Hoffmann of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena and his colleagues, uses solar power to run an electrochemical reactor that breaks down human waste to produce hydrogen gas. The gas can be stored and used to run the reactor at night or on cloudy days.
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